Brain Drain“Brain drain” or human capital flight is the emigration of trained and skilled individuals ("human capital") to other countries. It refers to the emigration of doctors, engineers, researchers and teachers to more favourable environments. “Brain Drain” is therefore a potentially serious barrier to economic growth, development and poverty reduction in developing countries.Scientists, engineers, academics and physicians, who have been trained with little available resources in the hope of a better future in their countries, desert and flee....
Thursday, 26 February 2009
Brain Drain
Brain DrainBrain Drain is considered a problem of extreme importance for many developing countries. The concept of "brain drain" indicates the “flight” of resources in the form of human capital, especially the migration of skilled professionals. A large number of highly educated individuals from developing countries work in North America and Western Europe.The migration of academics, scientists and other experts with high skills, from developing countries to Europe and North America has reached alarming proportions. A recent World Bank report estimated...
Brain Drain
“Brain Drain”The reasons why skilled and talented people emigrate from developing countries are:A- Push factors1) Under employment/ full unemployment2) Economic under development3) Low wages/salaries4) Lack of research centres and other facilities5) Discrimination in appointment and promotion/ corruption6) Poor working facilities and lack of satisfactory working conditions7) Lack of scientific tradition and culture8) Unsuitable institution9) Desire for a better life/ better living standards10) Desire for higher qualification and recognitionB- Pull...
Saturday, 21 February 2009
THE INTERNET AND THE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
THE INTERNET AND THE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATIONThe Internet is responsible for the wide dissemination of information all over the world. It is perhaps the greatest invention of the 20th century and gives great power to its users.The Internet has its own culture, its own way of communicating. No law enforcement, no national boundaries as well as free access to every kind of information known to mankind. It has become familiar to many children all over the world. Some of them use the Internet everyday. Parents need to be in close touch with their...
Friday, 20 February 2009
LINKING WORDS :EXPRESSING PURPOSE
LINKING WORDS :EXPRESSING PURPOSEWe can use infinitives to(do) in order (not) to (do), so as (not) do to express purpose.We came to the countryside to find some peace and quiet.I went to the music shop to buy the last Eminem CD.Be careful when handling a knife so as not to /in order not to get injured.Handle the flowers carefully so as not to / in order not to damage them.So that, in order that + clause ( often with the verbs can, could, may, might, will would in the clause ).He is studying very hard this term so that / in order that he will /...
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING ADDITION
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING ADDITIONBesides, in addition and furthermore can be used at the beginning of the sentence following the first statement made. I don´t really want to go out tonight. Besides / in addition / furthermore, there is a good film on TV.Mr.Salhi is an intelligent and stimulating teacher, furthermore , he takes an interest in the personal well- being of his students.Notice besides is less formal, furthermore is more formal. Moreover can be used at the beginning or in the middle of the sentence which gives additional information.This...
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING CONTRAST
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING CONTRASTAlthough, even though + clause can come before or after the main clause.Although/Even though the car is old, it is still reliable.Although I’m not used to playing tennis, I played it quite well yesterday.Notice even though is more informal.Despite, in spite of + a noun or noun phrase or -ing form.In spite of the noise, the students could study for their test.In spite of/Despite the rain, I went for a walk.Despite the fact that, in spite of the fact that + clause.In spite of the fact that it was raining, the celebration...
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING RESULT
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING RESULTSo + adjective / adverb + that + clause.He was so tired that he went to bed early.The secretary types so quickly that she always has her work in time.The film was so boring that I went out before the end.He spoke Spanish so well that everyone thought he was Spanish.Such + noun + that + clause.It`s such a cold day that I will stay in bed.It was such a difficult exam that he knew he wouldn´t pass it.So + clauseMr. Dahmani was sleeping, so she didn’t hear the thief.It was late so he decided to take a taxi home.As a...
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING REASON
LINKING WORDS : EXPRESSING REASONSince, as, seeing that + clause often come before the main clause.Since /Seeing that /As we arrived late, all the best seats had been taken.Because + clause usually comes after the main clause.We couldn’t find a good seat because all the best ones had been taken.Our Arabic teacher came late because her car broke down.Because of, as a result of, owing to and due to are followed by a noun or noun phrase.We are unable to go by train because of the rail strike.Our national football team couldn’t travel because of the...
Noun + Preposition Followed by Gerunds
Noun + Preposition Followed by GerundsThe following is ONLY A SAMPLE LIST of the most commonly used noun + preposition combinations that can be followed by gerunds.addiction toHis addiction to surfing the Internet is a problem.advantage ofHe has the advantage of speaking English fluently.anxiety aboutHer anxiety about speaking in public caused her to lose the job.belief inHis belief in not harming animals was something he learned from his mother.credit forShe took credit for improving the filing system.dedication toHis dedication to teaching is...
Adjective + Preposition Followed by Gerunds
Adjective + Preposition Followed by GerundsThe following is ONLY A SAMPLE LIST of the most commonly used adjective + preposition combinations that can be followed by gerunds.accustomed toHe is accustomed to having black coffee for breakfast.addicted toShe is addicted to watching TV.afraid ofShe is afraid of speaking in public.anxious aboutNora is anxious about making the presentation.bored ofI am bored of doing the same old job.capable ofHe is capable of winning a gold medal.committed toShe is committed to improving her English.concerned aboutNawal...
Verbs Followed by Infinitives
Verbs Followed by InfinitivesagreeTom agreed to help me.appearHis health appeared to be better.arrangeNaomi arranged to stay with her cousin in Miami.askShe asked to leave.beginHe began to talk.can't bearHe can't bear to be alone.can't standNancy can't stand to work the late shift.careHe doesn't care to participate in the activity.ceaseThe government ceased to provide free healthcare.chooseI chose to help.claimShe claimed to be a princess.continueShe continued to talk.decideWe decided to go to Hawaii.demandHe demanded to speak to Mr. Harris.deserveHe...
Verbs Followed by Infinitives
Verbs Followed by InfinitivesagreeTalal agreed to help me.appearHis health appeared to be better.arrangeNawal arranged to stay with her cousin in Midelt.askShe asked to leave.beginHe began to talk.can't bearHe can't bear to be alone.can't standNarjiss can't stand to work the late shift.careHe doesn't care to participate in the activity.ceaseThe government ceased to provide free healthcare.chooseI chose to help.claimShe claimed to be a princess.continueShe continued to talk.decideWe decided to go to Sidi Harazem.demandHe demanded to speak to Mr....
Verbs Followed by Gerunds
Verbs Followed by GerundsadmitHe admitted cheating on the test.adviseThe doctor generally advised drinking low-fat milk.allowFrance doesn't allow smoking in cafés.anticipateI anticipated arriving late.appreciateI appreciated her helping me.avoidHe avoided talking to her.beginI began learning Spanish.can't bearHe can't bear having so much responsibility.can't helpHe can't help talking so loudly.can't seeI can't see paying so much money for a car.can't standHe can't stand her smoking in the office.ceaseThe government ceased providing free healthcare.completeHe...
THE ROLE OF WOMEN
THE ROLE OF WOMENOver centuries, women were treated as subordinates and permanent minors under the authority and control of men. Men often tried to justify this by saying that women are inferior to men biologically and intellectually.Women were long considered naturally weaker than men and unable to perform work requiring muscular or intellectual development. In most pre-industrial societies, domestic chores were relegated to women, leaving labour such as hunting and farming to men. This ignored the feet that caring for children and doing such...
Thursday, 19 February 2009
MOROCCAN WEDDING
MOROCCAN WEDDINGMorocco is the country with very rich and lively traditions, one of the charms of North Africa. The Moroccan wedding is a great event like other cultures all over the world and is celebrated with great fun and festivity. In Morocco the traditional wedding is quite meaningful and an elaborate process. As a rule the wedding process lasts from 3 to 7 days and there are many pre-wedding ceremonies that take place before the actual wedding.According to Moroccan traditions parents choose groom or bridegroom for their children. Before...
MOROCCO: CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS
MOROCCO: CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONSMorocco is a supreme marvel of ancient customs and traditions. It is a land full of contrasts, colour and mystery from harsh mountains and barren deserts to magnificent beaches and modern cities. Its Mediterranean climate - hot summers and mild winters lend itself to many activities including Golf, Tennis, Riding Clubs, Water-skiing, Sailing, Scuba diving, Hunting, Hiking and Camel treks.In Morocco, Moorish, Arab, Berber customs and traditions merge together with Islamic culture to yield a unique Moroccan mix. Whether...
Wednesday, 18 February 2009
MUST / HAVE TO / NEED : OBLIGATION
MUST/HAVE TO/NEEDOBLIGATIONFUTURE OBLIGATIONMUSTWILL HAVE TOFUTURE LACK/ ABSENCE OF OBLIGATIONNEED NOTWON'T HAVE TOWON'T NEED TOFUTURE NEGATIVE OBLIGATION/ PROHIBITIONMUST NOTPRESENT OBLIGATIONMUSTHAVE TOPRESENT LACK/ ABSENCE OF OBLIGATIONNEED NOTDON'T HAVE TODON'T NEED TOPRESENT NEGATIVE OBLIGATION/ PROHIBITIONMUST NOTPAST OBLIGATIONHAD TOPAST LACK/ ABSENCE OF OBLIGATIONDIDN'T HAVE TODIDN'T NEED TOHADN'T (GOT) TO1. Must, must not and need not compared to the other forms.a. Must, must not and need not express the speaker's authority:You must do...
Tuesday, 17 February 2009
MUST/HAVE TO/NEED : OBLIGATION
MUST/HAVE TO/NEEDOBLIGATION1. Must, must not and need not compared to the other forms.a. Must, must not and need not express the speaker's authority:You must do your homework before you watch TV.You must not turn the TV till you have done your homework.You needn't do your homework tonight. You can leave it till tomorrow.b. The other forms have to/will have to/had to and won't/don't/didn't need to express external obligation:KAMAL'S SISTER: KAMAL is starting work next week. He'll have to get up early. He'll hate that.Sometimes MUST and NEED NOT...
MAY/MIGHT
MAY/MIGHT1. MEANINGS.The commonest uses of MAY and MIGHT are to talk about possibility, and to ask for(and give) permission.We may be moving to Casablanca next year.You know, I think it may rain.May I have some more tea? Yes, of course, you may.I wonder if I might ask you a favour.2. PERMISSION.a. MAY and MIGHT are both used to ask for permission. They are rather formal;MIGHT carries the idea of being tentative or hesitant, and is not very common.May I turn the television on?I wonder if I might have a little more coffee.MAY (not MIGHT) is also...
CAN/COULD.
CAN/COULD.1. ABILITY.a. Present and future.CAN is usually used to talk about the present or the general ability, -the ability to dosomething any time you want to.Look! I can do it!You can certainly cook even if you can't do anything else.BE ABLE is also possible but less common.I'll be able to speak Spanish in a few months.But CAN is often possible when people make present decisions about future ability.We're too busy today, but we can repair your car tomorrow.Can you come to a party on Saturday?b. Past.COULD is used for "general ability", to say...
VERY IMPORTANT READ THIS
VERY IMPORTANTPLEASR READ THISYOUR FRIENDYOUR SCHOOLMATEAND YOUR LOVELY CLASSMATE MARYEM CHHITI STARTED A NICE SPACE FOR HERSELF AND FOR YOU TOO TO EXPRESS HERSELF TO UNTIE HER TONGUE AND SAY WHAT IS ON HER MIND.SO BE KIND ENOUGH TO VISIT HER BLOG AND LEAVE A FEW WORDS TO ENCOURAGE HER.DO NOT LET HER DOWN.JUST CLICK THE LINK BELOW TO GO THERE.http://maryemchhiti.blogspot.c...
Thursday, 5 February 2009
SARA EL KORCHI : As It Comes To An End
As It Comes To An End As I sit here in class,I observe my friendsAnd look forward to the yearComing to an end.It's gonna be sadTo say good- bye.I'll miss everyone.I know I will cry.I remember the dayWhen I came backTo be with my friendsAnd get on the right track.We had so many moments;Some bad, most great.I'll always remember the loveAnd erase the hate.I don't wanna say good- byeTo all my friends.I don't want this yearTo come to an end. SARA EL KOR...
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