THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

The night has been cold but Ratma and her family will sleep outside again, their belongings beside them. Last month, French police forced Rarma, her husband and two children to leave the flat they squatted in for years, but she then decided to stay on the pavement in front of the building until Paris city authorities offer them a permanent home. “All I want is dignity, a place to live,” said Ratma, whose parents came from Senegal, a former French colony.

Dozens of families of African origin have been expelled from Paris squats in the past few weeks. Anti-racism groups say their expulsions show the difficult situation of immigrants and their descendents in France, where many live a half-life on the fringes of society, discriminated against for jobs and housing because of their origins.

In the past five months, fires in crowded and dilapidated Paris buildings have killed almost 50 people, many of them immigrants and children. The deaths not only shocked a city best known abroad for its spacious boulevards and historic monuments, but also revealed the living conditions of immigrants and exposed a grave housing shortage. Officials say Paris had about 60 unsafe squats and around 1,500 families live in flats that are considered unhygienic. Many poor people say they have no choice. “Rather than staying outside with our children, we came in,” Ratma said. “ The walls were clamp and mouldy. There was no electricity in the bathroom; I have been washing in the dark for years”.

In Paris, more than 100,000 families – many of whom are immigrants - are waiting for permanent social housing, officials say. For now, they live with friends or stay in shabby hotels or squats. Rene Dutrey from Paris’ Green party says it is hard to say how many of these are foreigners but a majority of those living in unhygienic flats have an immigrant background. “They are the most vulnerable,” he said. “They face discrimination on the private housing market because many landlords don’t want black people. And they are discriminated against because they don’t have the resources”. Others say the discrimination extends to the job market. “Many immigrants are doing the work the French don’t want.” said Jean-Pierre Dubois from human rights group. “They are more likely to take on short-term contracts”.

In 2004, unemployment was at 9.9% of France’s African population out of work, official statistics show. ‘Immigrants more often hold no-qualification jobs, and are most affected by unemployment,” it was said in a study.

Ratma, who has lived in France all her life and works in a retirement home, said it did not surprise her that the main victims of the recent fires were immigrants.

Squats: houses or flats where people live without permission and without paying.

Dilapidated: متلاشي

I- COMPREHENSION

A- CHOOSE THE RIGHT ANSWER FROM THE LIST:

The text is about African immigrants’:

a. housing and employment problems in Paris

b. cultural and identity problems in France

c. working conditions and schooling in Paris

B- ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS:

1- Where are Ratma’s parents originally from?

……………………………………………………………………………

2- What is one of the consequences of the fires in Paris?

……………………………………………………………………………

3- Why is it difficult fro African immigrants to find houses or flats to rent? (give two reasons)

……………………………………………………………………………

C- ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OF FALSE? JUSTIFY:

1- Ratma is spending her first night in the street.

……………………………………………………………………………

2- Because of their colour, many African immigrants find it difficult to get jobs.

……………………………………………………………………………

3- Ratma and her family used to live in a well-equipped flat.

……………………………………………………………………………

D- COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:

1- Ratma and her family will go on living in the street unless the French government …………………………………………………………………………

2- Thousands of immigrants’ families in Paris want the government to ……………………………………………………………………………..

E- WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS REFER TO IN THE TEXT? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- Their (paragraph 2) : ……………………….

2- They (paragraph 4) : ………………………

F- FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR PHRASES WHICH MEAN THE SAME AS:

1- Children and/or grandchildren (paragraph 2) : …………………………………

2- People who own and rent flats or houses (paragraph 4 ) : …………………….

II- LANGUAGE

A- FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH AN APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE LIST:

Put up with - pick up - make up - look up

1-Don’t believe what she says. She likes to ……………………………..stories.

2-It’s difficult to …………………………….with noise in big cities.

B- PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE:

1- By the end of next month, the committee (take) ……………………… a final decision.

2- An important multinational (organize)…………………………. a seminar in our country last month.

C- GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS:

1- “Don’t forget to (signature)……………………… your application form before sending it.

2- this project concerns the (improve)……………………….. of life in rural areas.

3- “Moussems” are important (culture) …………………….. events in Morocco.

D- REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN:

1- Sociologists are conducting research studies about immigrants in France nowadays.

Research studies ……………………………………………………………

2- Ratma didn’t find a house because she was an immigrants

If …………………………………………………………………………

3- “I didn’t attend my philosophy class yesterday”.

I wish ……………………………………………………………………

4- We should respect blacks.

Blacks ….………………………………………………………………

E- COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE LINKING WORD:

Although - in spite of - because - owing to

1- …………………………..it was cold, we went to Ifrane.

2- ………………………….. our efforts, we lost the match.

3. I didn’t come to school last week ……………………a terrible headache I had.

F- FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH “MAKE” OR “DO”:

1- I couldn’t ………….my homework because I was sick.

2- Laila is going to ……………..a party for her birthday.

3- Did you……………..any mistakes in the last test?

4-Karima often ……………the housework before coming to school.

5- I want to ………….a course in English this summer.

III- WRITING

After finishing your education, would you like to live in Morocco or in a foreign country? Write an essay stating your preference and giving reasons for your choice.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

Rosa Lee Parks's refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man started the US civil rights movement. One day in 1955, she was setting on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, when white man demanded her seat. Mrs. Parks refused, breaking the law witch required blacks to give up their seats to whites. Accordingly, she was arrested and fined. This triggered a three hundred – eighty –one day boycott of the bus system, organized by a then little known Reverend Martin Luther King Junior. The bus boycott opened a seating on Montgomery buses and lunched a wave of protests that stopped segregation laws. This marked the birth of the US civil rights movement.

Years later, Rosa Parks, interviewed by a journalist, remembered that the momentous day: “the driver said that if I refused to leave the seat, he would have to call the police and I told him just call them, which he did. When they came, they placed me under arrest.”

“Wasn’t that a frightening thing, to be arrested? “The journalist asked. “No, I wasn’t afraid at all. I had decided that I would have to know once and for all what rights I had as a human being and a citizen, even in Montgomery, Alabama, “she replied.



Her public stance made her a symbol of the civil rights movement. It however, made it hard for her to get work in Alabama. She and her husband, Raymond, moved to Detroit, Where she worked as un assistant in a congressman’s office. Upon her retirement, Mrs. Parks devoted her time to an institute she and her husband founded, aiming at developing leadership among young people.

In 1996, she received the presidential Medal of Freedom, and three years later, she was awarded the United States’ highest civilian honour, the congressional gold Medal. She will be remembered for the way her quiet resolution in the face of injustice helped change America

I- COMPREHENSION

BASE ALL YOUR ANSWER ON THE TEXT

A- ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY

1- THE LAW Mrs. Parks violated was discriminatory.

…………………………………………………………………………

2-Mrs. Parks feared to be taken to prison.

…………………………………………………………………………

3-When Mrs. Parks retired, she decided to devote all her time to her children.

………………………………………………………………………

B- ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS.

1- What resulted from the bus boycott and protest?

………………………………………………………………………

2- Why did Mrs. Parks and her husband move to Detroit?

………………………………………………………………………

C- COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES.

1- Martin Luther King Junior organized ……………………………

2- People will remember Mrs. Parks for …………………………

D- FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS :

1- Caused to happen (paragraph1)……………………………

2- Important and historical (paragraph2)……………………

3- Determination ( paragraph 5) ……………………………

E WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- She :(paragraph 1):…………………………………………

2- He: (paragraph 2)……………………………………… ….

3- It: (paragraph 4)……………………………………………

LANGUAGE

A – FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS FROM THE LIST

Look up / turn down / give in / look after / set off

1- Mrs. Smith is looking for someone to ………………………her baby when she is at work.

2- She couldn’t ………………. The job she was offered a week ago.

B- GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS

1- Bad management of water recourses causes water (short) …………

2- Clients expect (efficiency)…………………….services from suppliers.

3-Education should aim at developing learners’ (autonomous) ……………

C- PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRAKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE

1-we (complete) ………………………………our project by 2010.

2- Tom will post the letter as soon as he (finish)……………..writing it.

3-I’m really sorry. If I had known, I (not / tell) …………………him.

D- REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN

1-The policeman fined the driver for not stopping at the red light.

The driver …………………………………………………………

2- "The government has established a new law to protect the environment", the Prime Minister said.

The Prime minister said ……………………………………….

WRITING

In the last few years, women’s conditions and roles have changed a lot in Morocco (at home, at work, in politics, etc.) Write an essay about women’s conditions and roles both in the past and the present. (Approximately 150 words)

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

Rosa Lee Parks's refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man started the US civil rights movement. One day in 1955, she was sitting on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, when a white man demanded her seat. Mrs. Parks refused, breaking the law which required blacks to give up their seats to whites. Accordingly, she was arrested and fined. This triggered a three hundred-eighty–one day boycott of the bus system, organized by a then little known Reverend Martin Luther King Junior. The bus boycott opened a seating on Montgomery buses and launched a wave of protests that stopped segregation laws. This marked the birth of the US civil rights movement.

Years later, Rosa Parks, interviewed by a journalist, remembered that the momentous day: “the driver said that if I refused to leave the seat, he would have to call the police and I told him just call them, which he did. When they came, they placed me under arrest.”

“Wasn’t that a frightening thing, to be arrested? “The journalist asked. “No, I wasn’t afraid at all. I had decided that I would have to know once and for all what rights I had as a human being and a citizen, even in Montgomery, Alabama, “she replied.

Her public stance made her a symbol of the civil rights movement. It however, made it hard for her to get work in Alabama. She and her husband, Raymond, moved to Detroit, Where she worked as an assistant in a congressman’s office. Upon her retirement, Mrs. Parks devoted her time to an institute she and her husband founded, aiming at developing leadership among young people.

In 1996, she received the presidential Medal of Freedom, and three years later, she was awarded the United States’ highest civilian honour, the congressional gold Medal. She will be remembered for the way her quiet resolution in the face of injustice helped change America.

I- COMPREHENSION

BASE ALL YOUR ANSWER ON THE TEXT

A- ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY

1- THE law Mrs. Parks violated was discriminatory.

…………………………………………………………………………

2-Mrs. Parks feared to be taken to prison.

…………………………………………………………………………

3-When Mrs. Parks retired, she decided to devote all her time to her children.

………………………………………………………………………

B- ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS.

1- What resulted from the bus boycott and protest?

………………………………………………………………………

2- Why did Mrs. Parks and her husband move to Detroit?

………………………………………………………………………

C- COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES.

1- Martin Luther King Junior organized ……………………………

2- People will remember Mrs. Parks for …………………………

D- FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS :

1- Caused to happen (paragraph1)……………………………

2- Important and historical (paragraph2)……………………

3- Determination ( paragraph 5) ……………………………

E WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- She :(paragraph 1):…………………………………………

2- He: (paragraph 2)……………………………………… ….

3- It: (paragraph 4)……………………………………………

LANGUAGE

A – FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS FROM THE LIST

Look up / turn down / give in / look after / set off

1- Mrs. Smith is looking for someone to ………………………her baby when she is at work.

2- She couldn’t ………………. The job she was offered a week ago.

B- GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS

1- Bad management of water recourses causes water (short) …………

2- Clients expect (efficiency)…………………….services from suppliers.

3-Education should aim at developing learners’ (autonomous) ……………

C- PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRAKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE

1-we (complete) ………………………………our project by 2010.

2- Tom will post the letter as soon as he (finish)……………..writing it.

3-I’m really sorry. If I had known, I (not / tell) …………………him.

D- REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN

1-The policeman fined the driver for not stopping at the red light.

The driver …………………………………………………………

2- "The government has established a new law to protect the environment", the Prime Minister said.

The Prime minister said ……………………………………….

WRITING

In the last few years, women’s conditions and roles have changed a lot in Morocco (at home, at work, in politics, etc.) Write an essay about women’s conditions and roles both in the past and the present. (Approximately 150 words)

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

Sixteen-years-old Aziza has worked in many houses in Casablanca, Fez, Meknes, and Rabat since she began working as a domestic at eight. “I’ve never stayed long in one job because all the women I worked for treated me badly. When I went home for the “Eid” I didn’t come back. And of course, I didn’t get all my salary.” Aziza told Human Rights Watch.

Aziza said that in her recent job she worked eighteen hours a day without rest, breaks or days-off : “When you finish something you start something else – even sitting you have to be doing something . I especially disliked childcare responsibilities. The family would go out and leave me with a baby who would cry and keep me awake at night. I slept in a small storage room under the stairs. It was very small”.

Actually, Aziza didn’t object to working since her family needed money. Her mother received 400 dirhams a month for her work but she herself got nothing.

Aziza told human Rights Watch that hard work and lack of sleep became too much for her to bear. So she left her last employer without permission or money. But she was fortunate because the police at Casablanca train station found her crying and asked her whether she wanted to return to the house where she worked. When she refused, they searched* her bag and clothes to see if had stolen anything, and when they found nothing, they took her to a local non – governmental organization working with street children, including former child domestics.

*Search = فتش

I- COMPREHENSION

A- ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY

1- Aziza didn’t like taking care of the children.

……………………………………………………………………………

2- The police took Aziza back to her last employer’s house.

……………………………………………………………………………

B- ANSWER THE FOLOWING QUESTIONS

1- Why did Aziza move from one house to another?

……………………………………………………………………………

2- What made Aziza accept to work in those conditions?

……………………………………………………………………………

3- Why did the police search Aziza’s clothes and bag?

……………………………………………………………………………

C- FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS:

1- Holidays (paragraph2)…………… ………………………….

2- Lucky (paragraph 4)…………………………………………

II- LANGUAGE

A – FILL IN THE BLANKKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS FROM THE LIST:

1- The town ……………..Ali was born is famous for its historic monuments.

(who -when – whose -where)

2- We celebrate our Independence Day ………………….November 18th.

(In – on – at – for)

B/ REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN

1-The Moroccan government has adopted a new family code.

A new family code……………………………………………………………………

2- I am sorry I didn’t write down your phone number.

If only ………………………………………………………………...

C. FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE LIST.

Real life / mother tongue / bilingual / oppressive / worldwide / racial discrimination

1- Immigrants are sometimes victims of………………………………

2- Moroccan Arabic is not the ………………………………..of all Moroccans.

3- English is spoken ……………………………………

III- WRITING

Use the notes below to write the biography of Fatema Mernissi.

Write complete sentences and use linking words and punctuation.

Fatema Mernissi

Moroccan writer / sociologist

Date and place of birth
1940 / Fes

Studies
Political science / Sorbonne / Paris , France

Doctorate Brandeis University , Massachusetts USA

First book
The Veil and the Male Elite

1995
Autobiography : Dreams of Trespass

Present job
Lecturer at Mohammed V University, Rabat

Interests
Feminism and Islam

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

A fierce debate has erupted following the British government’s announcement that it is considering a ban on the use of mobile phones by all drivers. New legislation could outlaw the use of mobiles while at the wheel of any vehicle which has its engine running and that includes those stopped at traffic lights or in traffic jams.

Many drivers are unhappy. A mobile phone is useful if you are late for a meeting or an appointment. And chatting to a family member or friend passes the time, reduces your stress level and makes life more bearable if you are stuck in an endless tailback. It also greatly enhances your sense of security if you are out at night in unfamiliar surroundings. In short, losing the right to use a mobile phone while driving would be a blow to many sensible and responsible people.

The big question is : would such a measure save lives ? The answer is probably yes. Earlier this year, the Transport research Laboratory published the results of a detailed scientific study of reaction and stopping times of drivers in various states of distraction. Their findings were startling. It turned out that talking on a mobile is more dangerous than being just over the legal alcohol limit. Besides, hands-free kits are almost as bad because it is the conversation, rather than the handling of the phone that causes the distraction. Paper after paper added to the growing mountain of research support the idea that mobile phones and driving make a lethal* combination. A Canadian team reported that the risk of road accidents is higher in mobile phone users. But there are some who argue the dangers of in-car mobile phones are exaggerated.

Other researchers have dismissed the proposals as unnecessary. They claim that existing driving laws are sufficient and that, in any case, there are many other in-car distractions that are equally dangerous.

But the fact is that a mobile phone, in the wrong place, at the wrong time, can kill. More than 30 countries have already banned using one while driving. The UK used to be a world leader in road safety and our road accident death rate is one of the lowest in Europe as a result.

The mobile phone ban will happen one day. This is as inevitable as the drink driving or the seat belt laws which were fiercely criticise at the time by many drivers, politicians, and associations. Let parliament prepare a new law; banning mobiles while driving, and let’s implement it quickly. I believe the potential victims and their loved ones would approve, don’t you?

* Lethal: that can kill

I- COMPREHENSION:

BASE ALI YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A/ ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY: 3 pts

1. The British government has forbidden the use of phones while driving.

……………………………………………………………………


2. The Canadian team results confirmed those of the Transport Research laboratory.

……………………………………………………………………

3. Drivers strongly criticised the drink driving and seat belt laws before.

……………………………………………………………………


B/ ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS:

1. What was surprising in the results of the study of the Transport Research Laboratory?

……………………………………………………………………

2. How practical can the mobile phone be? Give two examples.

……………………………………………………………………

3. What is the writer’s attitude?

a. totally neutral

b. for (agrees with) the new legislation

c. against the government proposal.

C/ PICK OUT FROM THE TEXT EXPRESSIONS OR PHRASES WHICH SHOW THAT:

1. A hot discussion started in the UK (paragraph 1): ………………………

2. A mobile can be relaxing for drivers (paragraph 2): ……………………

3. The UK has fewer deadly road accidents (paragraph 5): ………………

D/ FIND IN THE TEXT PHRASES OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN TGE SAME AS:

1. in the driving seat (paragraph 1): ……………………………

2. caught in a traffic jam (paragraph 2): ………………………

3. That shouldn’t be discussed (paragraph 6): …………………

E/ WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1. Measure: (paragraph 3)……………………………….

2. One: (paragraph 5)……………………………………

3. One: (paragraph 5)……………………………………

4. It: (paragraph 6) ………………………………………

LANGUAGE:

A/ MATCH THE WORDS THAT GO TOGETHER TO MAKE APPROPRIATE COLLOCATIONS:

COLUMN A

1. Population

2. Tourist

3. Family

4. Water

COLUMN B

a. target

b. code

c. growth

d. trade

e. pollution

1. ____ 2. ____ 3.____ 4. ____ .

B/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS FROM THE LIST:

budget / hazardous / recreation / enormous / outlaw / currency / accommodation / overcome

The Moroccan government is making ___________ efforts to provide decent ___________ for poor people by building low-priced apartment buildings. However, many people still complain that their family ___________ does not allow them to invest in such projects. I think that we have to work hard to ___________ this social problem.

C/ GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS:

1. The dispute between the two neighbours was settled by an (agree) ___________ that satisfied both parties.

2. Many African countries have been suffering from severe (dry) ___________ for many years.

D/ PUT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE:

I (have) …………………… this mobile phone for about a year. In fact, my father gave it to me as a present on my last birthday. It is a pity my mother (not attend) ………………….. the birthday party. I am sure if she (be) ………….. at home with us,(buy)……………. me a very watch.



E/ JOIN THE FOLLOWING PAIRS OF SENTENCES USING THE APPROPRIATE RELATIVE PRONOUNS.

who / whose / where / when

1. The police have already started penalizing drivers. The drivers’ seat belts are not fastened.

………………………………………………………………………………

2. The Safety Road Committee hasn’t agreed on the date. The new regulations should be implemented.

WRITING:

Some people think that leisure activities are a waste of time. Write an essay (of approximately 250 words) about the role of recreational activities in our life. Give examples to support your point of view.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

At the end of the millennium, a lot of importance was given to the campaign against child labour. The last time there was hope for change was at the turn of the last century, during the campaign to get US children out of factories.

Brazil, the South America’s largest, richest and most heavily populated country, exports everything from shoes to orange juice to the U.S its largest market. Yet, for all its riches, Brazil also the enormous problems: 76% of the population lives in urban areas, In the countryside millions of workers work as day labourers. Among them are badly-paid children under 14 who work illegally.

Parliament members denounced Nike’s involvement with child labour, and asked the Brazilian government to cancel the sponsorship contract signed with that company. It means that the Brazilian soccer team wouldn’t use Nike’s symbol on their T-Shirts or any other sports material until the company stopped the exploitation of children .According to the international Labour Organization, there are 250 million working children around the world 3.8 million of them are from Brazil.

Brazil has been working with UNICEF and the international Labour Organization to eradicate child labour, which has become a national issue. The municipal Child Foundation programme id designed for children working on sugar – cane plantations under hazardous conditions, or for those about to start working in such places. The project has managed to enrol 330 children in public schools, provided them with additional educational activities and food, and helped transport them to the local public health posts for medical and dental care. As a result of the project, employers began banning children from their fields.

COMPREHENSION

BASE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A-ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY

1-There has never been any child labour in the USA.

2-Brazil has many commercial exchanges with the USA.

3-In Brazil, the majority of people live in the countryside.

B-CHOOSE THE APPROPRIATE ANSWER FROM THE LIST GIVEN

1-Which title is the most suitable for the text?

a)UNICEF in Brazil.

b)Child labour in Brazil.

c)Sports in Brazil.

2-The purpose of the writer is to:

a)Criticize the advertising of NIKE.

b)Give us facts.

c)Talk about UNICEF projects in the world.

C-PICK OUT FROM THE TEXT EXPRESSIONS WHITCH MEAN THE SAME AS:

1-Working children get very little money for their work.

2-Children will no longer work in sugar – cane plantations.

D-FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THET MEAN THE SAME AS :

1- Criticized severely ( paragraph 3) …………………………………

2- Eliminate (paragraph 4) …………………………………….

3- Dangerous (paragraph 4) ………………………….

E –WHAT DO THE UNDELINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- Them: (paragraph 2)

2: Their: (paragraph 3)

3: Those: (paragraph 4)

LANGUAGE:

A-PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE:

1-By the year 2030, the population of some African countries (double)…………………

2- Why did you tell her about the surprise? I really wish you (keep) ………………….it secret.

B- GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS:

1- If you want to be a (success)…………..……diplomat, you have to demonstrate a good mastery of the language of the host country and know its culture in (deep) ………….…….

C-REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN:

1-when people get educated, the country develops fast.

The more ……………………., the……………………………….

2-you should not leave a baby alone at home without a babysitter.

A baby………………………………….

D/ MATCH A WORD FROM COLUMN A WITH ANOTHER FROM COLUMN B TO MAKE COLLOCATIONS


COLUMN A

1- Family

2- Primitive

COLUMN B

a- monuments

b- societies

c- code

d- penalty

D-FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE LIST

Purchase / indigenous / pilgrimage / pinpoint

1-To be able to overcome difficulties, you have to ……………..them first.

2-The …………………people of America are Red Indians

WRITING:

Road accidents are very serious problem in Morocco.

Write an article to your school magazine explaining the causes and the consequences of road accidents, and offer adequate solutions to reduce their number.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

There is a joke going around at the moment: ‘War’s about to break in Britain.' ‘How do you know?’ ‘Because Kate Adie flew into Heathrow this morning.’ No one’s suggesting she’s a trouble-maker. But it seems that no disaster, in any part of the world, is complete without the distinctive voice of the BBC’s star reporter bringing the news to us from the middle of a danger zone.

Wherever the bombs fall and the bullets fly is where you’ll find Kate Adie .And nearer home too, covering national tragedies such as Zeebrugge and Hillsborough disasters. But it’s her cool, objective reporting that people most praise. The reporter, whose sensible haircut and pearl ear – rings make her look more like a school perfect than a war correspondent, admits that her job rules her life. She’s never off-duty. She recalls the time when her telephone rang in the middle of a dinner party. ‘I had to turn to everyone and say , “could anybody finish cooking dinner?” And she rang off to cover the Brixton riots.

There’s a price to pay of course. Single at 43 , she’s described as being married to BBC. Certainly, it would be a very tolerant man who would stay at home while Kate rushed off on an assignment .It’s not a life that most people would choose. And it’s one where you find few women.

Being the first woman to make it as a front – line TV reporter has its own problems , however .When she got her first foreign assignment she was terrified that the camera crew would think she was a stilly , frilly girl’. That’s the reason why she crammed everything she needed into a tiny bag witch would fit underneath her plane seat. She was amazed to see the cameraman stagger into the airport with a trunk. Now she knows that it’s her appearance as well as her words that matter.

She used to get letters from viewers saying, “You look a real mess. Haven’t you got a hair dresser?” So she decided to include a hair dryer in a holdall that she now takes everywhere. But as she said, ‘Can you imagine getting out a hairbrush when someone’s pointing a rifle at you?’

She’s often worked in dangerous situations but she says she’s not a heroine.’ I don’t get a buzz or wonderful feeling when I go into a danger, ‘she says. ‘I am a 5 7chicken (1.70m) and I run fast. You’re not there to fight. You are there to report’.

However, despite all the drawbacks, she wouldn’t change her life for the word. ‘It’s an incredible job. You go to places you’d never dream of going to’. So could she ever give it up? I don’t tend to plan ahead', her days. ‘I just bump along from one story to another. But I suppose one of these days I’ll have to stop climbing over walls when arthritis sets in

I – COMPREHENSION

BASE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A – ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS

1- What events does Kate report on?

2- What do people appreciate about Kate’s reporting?

3- Why did she have to leaver her guests during the dinner party?

4- What type of person could be a suitable husband for Kate?

B- ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY

1- Kate took a little luggage on her first assignment abroad.

2- Kate wouldn’t leave her job unless she got a health problem.

C – CHOOSE THE APPROPRIATE ANSWER FROM THE LIST BELOW

1- A suitable title for this text would be:

a) Living dangerously

b) Fighting fiercely

c) Flying comfortably

2- Kate’s attitudes towards her job could be described as:

a) Hostile

b) Negative

c) Favourable

3- The lesson we can learn from this text is:

a) Work is a nuisance

b) Work is boring

c) Work should come first

D- FIND THE TEXT WORDS OR PHRASES WHICH MEAN THE SAME AS:

1- Practical ( paragraph 2) :…………………

2- Walk in are uncontrolled way ( paragraph 4) :………………………

E- PICK OUT OF THE TEXT EXPRESSIONS WHICH SHOW THAT :

1- Kate’s job takes up all her time.

2- Both Kate’s serious look and professional competence contribute to her success.

F- WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- Us (Paragraph 1): ……………..

2- There ( paragraph 6)…………….

II – LANGUAGE

A- FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE LIST

Ejected / under / which / survivor / rescued / who

Hotel rescue

A Chinese woman ….………… spent nearly 80 hours trapped ……………………… The ruins of Singapore’s collapsed New World Hotel was ……………..yesterday by mining engineers. Police said she may be the last……………..…..of the disaster

II – LANGUAGE

A-GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS

1-The negotiating team had to make a number of (concede) ……………..before agreement could be reached.

2-The worldis now concerned about the (destroy) …………….of the rain forests.

3-The current economic crisis is the cause of the widespread (employ)…………..

B-FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH AN APPROPRIATE WORD. THE FIRST LETTER BIS GIVEN

1-Peter Smith works part time. He does o…………..…. jobs for people who ask him.

2-It’s illegal to use chemical w………..…... they cause harmful damage to humanity.

3-John Parker has been working as qualified engineer in a food factory. He intends to leave his job and r…………..his own business.

4-Mr. Smith has to work at weekends to be able to s……………his large family

C-PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRAKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE

1-By the end of next year, the workers (complete)…………………the project.

2-If you had shown me how to use the new computer, I (do)……………..all the work.

3-Many old buildings (restore)……………. In the medina since last year.

III- WRITING

Children shouldn’t leave school and start to work at an early age. What do you think?

Write an article to Youth Magazine expressing your opinion and giving arguments against children at work. Make suggestions on how this social problem could be solved.

You are required to write an essay of about 200 words, make sure that it is well organized, that your opinions and arguments are clear, your use of vocabulary is appropriate and that your grammar, spelling and punctuation are correct.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

Do you want to be healthier and live longer, spend time with your friends! That is the prescription given by several medical studies. These surveys show that people with strong social ties to friends, family, loved ones and even pets, live longer and enjoy better health than lonely people.

One study in California, for example, followed 7.000 people over a period of nine years.The subjects were asked to describe their social ties. Some said that they were isolated from others. These subjects had death rates two or three times higher than people with families and friends.

The stronger the social ties to others, the study found the lower the death rates. This pattern held true for men and women, young and old, rich and poor .the race of the subject did not change the result. It also applied to people with different lifestyles. Cigarette smokers who had friends lived longer than friendless smokers. Joggers involved with other people lived longer than joggers who lived isolated lives. Married men and women tend to live longer than single, divorced or widowed people of the same age.

Why is it healthier to have friends and loved one? We do not know exactly. However, it is probably a combination of several explanations. In part, people with strong social ties may simply have more to life for, they have loved once or family who share their lives. They have friends who call them and ask how they are doing .They have get- togethers to look forward to.

Social contacts also provide us with a protection against the shocks of life. At some point, each of us moves, changes a job, or loses a loved one. Such abrupt changes tend to cause increases in the rate of many diseases. These include heart disease, cancer, strokes and mental illnesses. Accidents are more likely to happen to people whose lives have suddenly changed. Friends loved ones. Even a loyal dog can help us to get through changes that we must deal with in life.

Finally, friends and loved ones can affect our health in still another way. If we are smokers, they may help us to quit. If we overeat, they may urge us to cut back. They can remind us to go for medical check – ups. And if we have fears or sadness bottled up inside us, friends can help us face and overcome them. By caring for us, in other words, friends and family help us are for ourselves. Close human ties make life not only fuller, but also longer. Caring for others and being cared for by them, is literally a healthier way to live.

COMPREHENSION

BASE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A- CHOOSE THE APPROPRIATE ANSWER FROM THE LIST GIVEN:

1- THIS TEXT IS MOST PROBABLY TAKEN FROM:

a) An encyclopaedia

b) A women’s magazine

c) A novel

d) A business paper

2- THE PURPOSE OF THE WRITER IS TO:

a) Advise people on how to make friends.

b) Describe different lifestyles in the western world

c) Show the importance of family and friends.

d) Criticize the results of the research.

B- MATCH THESE MAIN IDEAS WITH THE CORRESPONDING PARAGRAPHS:

1- There are more deaths in the category of people who live alone = Paragraph ____

2- Friends and family help us overcome the difficult phases of life. = Paragraph ____

C- FILL IN WITH THE APPROPRIATE INFORMATION:

Causes = People get married. Effects = 1…………………………………….

Causes = 2……………………… Effects = They help us care for ourselves

D – ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1- How long did the research last?

……………………………………………………………………….

2- What category is most exposed to health accidents according to the writer?

……………………………………………………………………….

3- How can friends influence our bad eating habits?

……………………………………………………………………….


E- FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS WHICH MEAN THE SAME AS:( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- It (paragraph 3)………………………………………..

2- Them ( paragraph 6)……………………………………..

LANGUAGE:

A- A- REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENETENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS

GIVEN

1- The new secretary was laid off because she didn’t do her job well.

If………………………………………………………..

2- You will be fit if you exercise a lot.

The ……………………………….the………………………………..

B- PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE:

1- By the end of next July, I (complete)……………….my secondary school education.

2- I’m really tired now. If only I (not have)…………………………….… to work today.

C- FILL IN THE BLANK WITH AN APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE LIST:

Prejudiced - Multiracial – minority – ethnic

France is now………………….society. Many …………………….groups have come to settle there. The Moroccan immigrants in France form a …………………. compared to the rest. However a few people are ……………………… against them.

D. GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS:

1. According to (legal)………………the use of the seat belt is compulsory both inside and outside cities.

2. The (deny)…………………………of human rights is one of the causes of underdevelopment.

Writing:

A large number of Moroccan people have emigrated to Europe or America.

Write and article to your school magazine stating the reasons why people emigrated and listing the problems they may face in the host country.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

The Internet is responsible for the wide dissemination all over the world. It is perhaps the greatest invention of the 20th century and gives great power to the users.

The Internet has its own culture, its won way of communicating, no law enforcement, no national boundaries as well as free access to every kind of information known to mankind. It has become familiar to many children all over the world. Some of them use the Internet everyday. Parents need to be in close touch with their kids as they explore the Internet. Moreover, teachers need to help students use it appropriately and safely.

Kids and teenagers need to learn to be responsible for their own behaviour on the Internet with guidance from their families and communities. It’s not at all common for them to know more about the Internet and computers than their parents or teachers. If that’s the case in your home or classroom, don’t despair. You can use this as an opportunity to turn the tables by having your child teach you a thing or two about the Internet. Get your children talk to you about what’s good and what is not really good about the Internet experience.

Just as adults need to help their kids stay safe, they also need to learn not to overreact when they find out a child or a teenager has been surfing inappropriate material or strayed from a rule. Don’t blame or punish your kids if they tell you about an uncomfortable online encounter. Your best strategy is to work with them, so you both can learn from what happened and figure out how to keep it from happening again.

Adolescents and young adults have become the largest segment of the world population with internet access. For that reason, the threat posed by drug-related activities occurring on the Internet is quite serious.

But the Internet has so far served as a very valuable tool to bring mankind closer together and to remove some of the barriers inherent in the “real” world. It has had a great impact on those countries that have adopted its use and provides some kind of measure of the gap between first world and third world countries.

COMPREHENSION

A- ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY:

1- There are legal restrictions to the Internet.

……………………………………………………………………………

2- All children learn how to use the Internet from their parents.

…………………………………………………………………………..

3- The majority of Internet users are teenagers and young adults.

…………………………………………………………………………

B- ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS :

1- List two important advantages of the Internet:

………………………………………………………………………

2- What are two risks related to surfing on the Internet?

………………………………………………………………………

3- How can parents protect children from misusing the Internet?

……………………………………………………………………

D- FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS WHICH MEAN ALMOST THE SAME AS:

1- In contact (paragraph 2): ……………………………………

2- Change the situation to one’s advantage (paragraph 3) ……………………

3- Menace (paragraph 5) : …………………………………………….

4- Existing as part of (paragraph 6) : ……………………………………

E- WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1- Them: (paragraph 3): ………………………………………………

2- They (paragraph 4): ……………………………………………

3- It: (paragraph 4) …………………………………………………

LANGUAGE

A- FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH AN APPROPRIATE PHRASAL VERB FROM THE LIST:

Put up - pick up - make up - look up

1-Don’t believe what she says. She likes to ………………………..stories.

2-It difficult to …………………….with noise in big cities.

B- PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE:

1- By the end of next month, the committee (take) …………………………a final decision.

2- An important multinational (organize)………………………… a seminar in our country last month.

C- GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACKETS:

1- The book gives a good (describe)……………………………..of life on a farm.

2- My neighbour is a very (rely)……………………………… person. He’s always ready to give me a hand.

D- REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN:

1- “I didn’t take the test”, Nadia said regretfully.

Nadia wishes………………………………………………………………

2- The children are not well educated because the family is not small.

If ………………………………………………………………………

3- “I didn’t see the film last night”, Naima said.

Naima told Mohamed …………………………………………………

4- We should collect more money to build the mosque.

More money…………………………………………………………

E- COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRIATE LINKING WORD:

Although - in spite of - because - owing to

1- ……………………..it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

2- ………………………..all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.

3- I went home early ……………………………I wasn’t feeling well.

4- I went to the doctor’s the next day ………………………a terrible headache I had.

F- Fill in the blanks with “make” or “do”:

1- I couldn’t ………….my homework because I was sick.

2- Laila is going to ……………..a party for her birthday.

3- Did you……………..any mistakes in the last test?

4- Karima often ……………the housework before coming to school.

5- I want to ………………..a course in English this summer.

G- FUNCTIONS

You complain to your neighbour about his/her kids who make so much noise at night but he/she refuses.

You: ………………………………………………………….

Your neighbour: ……………………………………………………

WRITING:

"Nowadays an illiterate person is someone who does not know how to use a computer."

Write a letter to the editor of your school magazine giving your opinion and illustrating your argument with examples from real life.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

The information technology revolution is creating a divided society according to a report by the electronics firm, LOROMA. Those who have no access to electronic information could be at a disadvantage in the employment market. The report warned that the working class and unemployed people, in particular, could fall into the "information void". Older people risk missing out opportunities to make their lives easier such as online shopping. 'Having a population with no knowledge of information technology – to prepare the country for the future- means that the society will fall further and further behind in the ability to take advantage of everything that technology has to offer,' the report says.

Switched on

Ron Stanley’s home is full of computer equipment. The 26-year old accountant admits, 'I feel I have the latest thing, the fastest machine that is available.' He was given his first computer when he was 12. 'I loved the games, then when I went to college, I started using personal computers properly,' He still loves playing games and has recently bought two new game machines. He also has a new PC with Internet connection and fax modem. ‘My parents gave me a computer when I was younger; that’s why I have become so interested in them.

Turned off

At 35, Susie Vincent feels as if the information revolution has passed her by. ‘Computers don’t interest me at all. Everybody talks about surfing the net, downloading new software and sending e mails – it makes me feel so old-fashioned. But I’d prefer to pick up the phone or write a note.’ She agrees that her dislike of computers is partly caused by fear. ‘It annoys me. I am an intelligent, professional woman, but when someone mentions technology, my brain switches off. And I feel stupid because I don’t understand. My daughter is only ten, but she has no fear of computers. Nobody taught me about them when I was at school so I have no confidence in using them. As time passes, I feel the gap between people like me and people who understand computers is getting wider and wider. I worry that there are millions of people on the job market who have computer knowledge. I m afraid it will damage my chances of moving on or changing jobs.’

COMPREHENSION:

BASE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A/ ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1. Why is Ron Stanley’s home full of computer equipment?

2. Why doesn’t Susie Vincent feel comfortable with computers?

B/ ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY:

1. The working class and the unemployed people will be the most affected by

information technology.

2. Susie thinks she will find it difficult to change jobs in the future.


C/ FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS:

1. Buying things through the Internet (paragraph 1): ……………………………

2. Correctly (paragraph 2): ……………………………….

3. Out-dated (paragraph 3): …………………………


D/ COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES ACCORDING TO THE TEXT:

1. In order to prepare a country for the future, the population must……………

2. Ron Stanley’s interest in PCs started when …………….

3. Unlike her mother, Susie’s daughter………………….

LANGUAGE:

A/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS IN BRACKETS:

Some urban agencies have thought about more 1 …………………………. ( effective / efficient ) ways of reducing the pollution that exists in 2 ……………………… ( industrious / industrial) cities and which …………….. ( affects /effects ) people’s health. These ways will certainly 4………………. ( assure / ensure) a better and safer life to the inhabitants of these cities.

B/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE ARTICLE WHERE NECESSARY:

1. My friend Jamal is going to study ______ Physics at _________ university

2. What ___________ beautiful weather! Why don’t we go out for _________ walk?

3. No one can deny that __________ computer is __________ important invention.

4. Ali : What’s _________ longest river in Africa?

Nadia: I don’t know Perhaps __________Nile!



C/ REWRITE THESE SENTENCES YSING THE WORDS GIVEN:

1.It’s not necessary to take a taxi. The theatre is just round the corner.

We ………………………………………………………

2.Hard work causes a lot of stress.

………………………………………is due to ………………………….

3.It’s forbidden for passengers to use mobile phones on the plane.

Passengers aren’t ……………………………

4.You shouldn't leave medicines within children’s reach.

Medicines ………………………………………………………….

D/ MATCH THE FUNCTIONS IN COLUMN A WITH WHAT THEY EXPRESS IN COLUMN B:

COLUMN A

1. You may leave if you don’t feel well.

2. Patients have to follow their doctors’ advice.

3. As far as I'm concerned, newspapers are the best means to get well Informed.

COLUMN B
a- opinion
b. cause and effect
c- permission
d- obligation

WRITING:

"Nowadays an illiterate person is someone who does not know how to use a computer."

Write a letter to the editor of your school magazine giving your opinion and illustrating your arguments with examples from real life.

Read More

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

The information technology revolution is creating a divided society according to a report by the electronics firm, LOROMA. Those who have no access to electronic information could be at a disadvantage in the employment market. The report warned that the working class and unemployed people, in particular, could fall into the "information void". Older people risk missing out opportunities to make their lives easier such as online shopping. 'Having a population with no knowledge of information technology – to prepare the country for the future- means that the society will fall further and further behind in the ability to take advantage of everything that technology has to offer,' the report says.

Switched on

Ron Stanley’s home is full of computer equipment. The 26-year old accountant admits, 'I feel I have the latest thing, the fastest machine that is available.' He was given his first computer when he was 12. 'I loved the games, then when I went to college, I started using personal computers properly,' He still loves playing games and has recently bought two new game machines. He also has a new PC with Internet connection and fax modem. ‘My parents gave me a computer when I was younger; that’s why I have become so interested in them.

Turned off

At 35, Susie Vincent feels as if the information revolution has passed her by. ‘Computers don’t interest me at all. Everybody talks about surfing the net, downloading new software and sending e mails – it makes me feel so old-fashioned. But I’d prefer to pick up the phone or write a note.’ She agrees that her dislike of computers is partly caused by fear. ‘It annoys me. I am an intelligent, professional woman, but when someone mentions technology, my brain switches off. And I feel stupid because I don’t understand. My daughter is only ten, but she has no fear of computers. Nobody taught me about them when I was at school so I have no confidence in using them. As time passes, I feel the gap between people like me and people who understand computers is getting wider and wider. I worry that there are millions of people on the job market who have computer knowledge. I m afraid it will damage my chances of moving on or changing jobs.’

I- COMPREHENSION:

BASE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A/ ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1. Why is Ron Stanley’s home full of computer equipment?

2. Why doesn’t Susie Vincent feel comfortable with computers?

B/ ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY:

1. The working class and the unemployed people will be the most affected by

information technology.

2. Susie thinks she will find it difficult to change jobs in the future.


C/ FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS:

1. Buying things through the Internet (paragraph 1): ……………………………

2. Correctly (paragraph 2): ……………………………….

3. Out-dated (paragraph 3): …………………………


D/ COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES ACCORDING TO THE TEXT:

1. In order to prepare a country for the future, the population must……………

2. Ron Stanley’s interest in PCs started when …………….

3. Unlike her mother, Susie’s daughter………………….

II- LANGUAGE

A/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS IN BRACKETS:

Some urban agencies have thought about more 1 …………………………. ( effective / efficient ) ways of reducing the pollution that exists in 2 ……………………… ( industrious / industrial) cities and which …………….. ( affects /effects ) people’s health. These ways will certainly 4………………. ( assure / ensure) a better and safer life to the inhabitants of these cities.

B/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE ARTICLE WHERE NECESSARY:

1. My friend Jamal is going to study ______ Physics at _________ university

2. What ___________ beautiful weather! Why don’t we go out for _________ walk?

3. No one can deny that __________ computer is __________ important invention.

4. Ali : What’s _________ longest river in Africa?

Nadia: I don’t know Perhaps __________Nile!



C/ REWRITE THESE SENTENCES YSING THE WORDS GIVEN:

1.It’s not necessary to take a taxi. The theatre is just round the corner.

We ………………………………………………………

2.Hard work causes a lot of stress.

………………………………………is due to ………………………….

3.It’s forbidden for passengers to use mobile phones on the plane.

Passengers aren’t ……………………………

4.You shouldn't leave medicines within children’s reach.

Medicines ………………………………………………………….

D/ MATCH THE FUNCTIONS IN COLUMN A WITH WHAT THEY EXPRESS IN COLUMN B:

COLUMN A

1. You may leave if you don’t feel well.

2. Patients have to follow their doctors’ advice.

3. As far as I'm concerned, newspapers are the best means to get well Informed.

COLUMN B
a- opinion
b. cause and effect
c- permission
d- obligation

WRITING:

"Nowadays an illiterate person is someone who does not know how to use a computer."

Write a letter to the editor of your school magazine giving your opinion and illustrating your arguments with examples from real life.

Read More

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

To reach the consumer, advertisers employ a wide variety of media. In the United States, the most popular media, as measured by the amount of ad spending, are television, newspapers, direct mail, radio, magazines, the Internet, outdoor advertising, and a variety of other media.

In Canadian newspapers are the most popular medium, followed by television, magazines, radio, and outdoor advertising. Canada is the ninth largest advertising market in the world.

In 1999 television attracted about 23.4 % of the advertising dollars spent in the United States. Television is available to advertisers in two forms: broadcast and cable. Broadcast TV television signals that are sent over the air rather than through cable wires generates all of its revenue from advertising. Advertising accounts for about 60% of cable television revenues with the rest coming from subscriber fees.

To run commercials on television, advertisers buy units of time known as spots. The standard units of time are 15, 30 or 60 seconds in length. These spots are purchased either locally or from a national network. Because of the high cost national network spots, ranging from hundreds of thousands of dollars to millions of dollars, only large national advertisers can afford to run network television spots. Advertisers wishing to reach a local audience can buy time from an individual station. But even these spots cost so much to produce and run that small and even mid-sized companies cannot afford them.

Because television commercials combine sight, sound and motion, they are more dramatic than any other form of advertising and lend excitement and appeal to ordinary products. But TV spots are too brief to provide much product information. As a result, television works the best for products such as automobiles, fashion, food, beverages, and credit cards that viewers are familiar with and easily understand.

COMPREHENSION

BASE ALI YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A/ ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY:

1. Cable TV makes all its money from advertising.

……………………………………………………………………..

2. TV advertising makes some products more interesting than really are.

……………………………………………………………………..


B/ ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT:

1. Why aren’t national network spots accessible to all advertisers?

……………………………………………………………………..

2. Do TV spots work for all products? Explain.

……………………………………………………………………..


C/ FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS:

1. Income (paragraph 3): ……………………

2. Adverts (paragraph 4): ……………………

3. Bought (paragraph4) ………………………

D/ WHAT DO YHE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1. Its (paragraph 3): …………………….

2. Them (paragraph 4): ……………………

E/ COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH WORDS FROM THE TEXT

1. The most popular means of advertising in Canada is …………………

2. A TV spot can last …………………………

II- LANGUAGE:

A/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH AN APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE LIST

Demography biology biography chronological thermoneter epidemic

1. The police asked the suspect to tell them what had happened in a ______________order

2. ______________is the study of living creatures.

3. A______________measures temperature.

4. In the 18th century, many people died because of the cholera ______________

B/ FILL IN EACH BANK WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE BOX

Let down - waste - look after - anxious - unwell – prescription - healthy - useful

1. Your parents are your best support; they will never ……………….. you ……………

2. This medicine can be dangerous if you une it without a …………….

3. Don’t try to explain, he won’t understand. It’s just a ……………………of time.

4. A computer is a very ……………………machine.

C/ REWRITE THE SENTENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN:

1. it’s not necessary to show your identity card at the club entrance.

You ………………………………………………….

2. It is forbidden to drive a car if you are under 18 years old.

You …………………………………………………

Would you prefer to telephone or send a fax?

3. Would you rather ………………………….

4. Solar energy is cheap; however, it isn’t widely used.

Although ……………………………………………..

D/ GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS IN BRACKETS USING THE APPROPRIATE PREFIX OR SUFFIX:

1. It is now possible to (plant) ______________a heart from a dead person to a living one.

2. He needs a good holiday; he’s suffering from (work) ______________.

3. You’re very fat. You should consult a (diet) ______________

III- WRITING:

Some people think that reading newspapers is the only way to get informed. Write an essay in which you express your opinion and suggest other ways of keeping up with it.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

Frederick Douglas was born a slave in Maryland in 1817. He was taken from his mother as a baby and raised by his grandmother. He learned to read and write by himself, though slaves were forbidden to do so. Before long, he was teaching other slaves to read and write, for which he was punished severely. One day, he was sent to a slave breaker’, a man who punished slaves and broke their spirits’. Douglas refused that; and at the age of twenty-one, he ran away to the North for freedom.

Douglas lived first in New York, then in Massachusetts. He was always in danger of being caught by ‘slave catchers’ and returned to slavery in the South. In 1841, he attended an anti-slavery meeting and was asked to tell of his life in slavery*, though this was a dangerous thing to do.

Douglas was only twenty four years old, but his speech was so forceful that all the people stood up and applauded when he finished.

For the newt twenty years, Frederick Douglas was an anti-slavery speaker. He travelled in the country and to Europe speaking against slavery. During the war between the north and the south, he helped recruit black soldiers for the Union Army. His own sons served as soldiers.

When the war was over, Frederick Douglas was the most respected black leader in the United States. He had government posts and continued to speak out for justice. He died in 1895, at the age of seventy eight, still fighting for human rights. He spent his last day at a meeting defending women’s rights.


I- COMPREHENSION:

BASE YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A/ ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FAKSE? JUSTIFY:

1.Frederic Douglas went to school when he was young.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2.He refused to speak in an anti-slavery meeting.

……………………………………………………………………………………………

3.He didn’t have any children.

……………………………………………………………………………………………


B/ ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1.Why did Frederic Douglas go to the North?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

2.What was he afraid of in New York and Massachusetts?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

3.What did he fight for all his life?

……………………………………………………………………………………………


C/ FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS WHICH MEAN APPROXIMATELY THE SAME AS:

1.after a short time (paragraph 1): …………………….

2.strong (paragraph 2): ……………………….

3.ended (paragraph 4): …………………………..


II-LANGUAGE:

A REWRITE THESE SENTENCES AS SUGGESTED:

1.Don’t go to Agadir without booking your hotel room.

You’d better ………………………………………..

2.He doesn’t have a computer, so he wastes too much time doing little work.

With a computer …………………………………….

3. Some students took two reference books out of the library.

Two reference books …………………………………

4.The new secretary is always on time, she does not want to lose her job.

The new secretary is always on time so as ……………………………..


B/ FILL IN EACH BLANK WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORD FROM THE LIST:

1. Samir and his brothers emigrated to Canada like many friends of _____________

their them theirs they

2.The journalists have interviewed the parents ……….daughter won the TV contest.

who whom which whose

3.Could you show me _____________ to start this machine, please? I can’t read the instructions.

who how what why

4.Mounia’s parents are optimistic _____________ her interview for the job.

At about of in


C/ PUT THE VERBS BETWEEN NRACKETS IN THE CORRECT TENSE:

My uncle (offer)………………..me a present last night but I (not/open) ………………… yet.

I’ll open it as soon as I (get) …………………….. home this evening.

III- WRITING:

You have just come back from a holiday in another city or a village in Morocco where you met some young people who became your friends.

Write a letter to one of them. Tell him/her about what you liked in the trip and invite him/her to spend a few days with you next holidays.

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THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

THE MOROCCAN BACCALAUREATE ENGLISH EXAM

For Geordie lad who used to help his dad with his milk round, he’s achieved more than he ever thought possible. But in spite of his phenomenal success as a musician and actor, he’s only just coming to terms with his childhood…

Sting recalls life with his parents. "They were very smart. In another era they could have gone to university, done well. But when I’d see things on television as a kid-like people skiing, flying, the good life – I’d ask them about it and they’d say it was for posh people. We were the wrong class. Not that there’s anything wrong with being working class. But there is something wrong with being poor. I’ve been poor and I never want to be poor again. I was given the means to escape, though – by education, having a talent and a desire to leave – and that sets up all kinds of pressure within a family, knowing that someone wants to break out. It started for me when I passed my primary school exam, travelled into town to the posh grammar school, wore a uniform, left my friends behind."

He helped his father on his milk round…" Picking up the empty bottles was my speciality," he remembers. "I had big hands and could carry 10 at a time. We ran from house to house, just to get it done in live or six hours and be back for breakfast."

But he was still looking for some recognition. "Dad had a couple of older kids working with him, too, and I always felt that they were his favourites. I was just the son; I had to fight for acceptance. It was typical of his generation. You didn’t show your feelings; you didn’t even hug your children, I saw that and grew up thinking it was the proper way to behave. Now I’ve forced myself to go the other way with my kids and my friends. I hug them all now. I didn’t use to show affection for my mother, but luckily, before she died, I learned how to. It’s such a simple idea, touching people."

"I wasn’t aware of what was going on at the time, of course, but I’m sure my ambition was to get noticed by my father. I remember going home with the county junior sports trophy – you know, ‘look what I’ve won! ‘– and he said, ‘yeah? and looked out the window."

When asked about his birthplace, Sting says: "The truth is. I’m fiercely proud of coming from Newcastle. All the same, I still say it wasn’t a great place to grow up. Basically, it’s a love-hate relationship I have."

One of the questions he’s been asked most often is: Where’s the Geordie accent gone?" His answer is totally honest: "I realised very young that the guy reading the news wasn’t speaking Geordie. The key to power and success had to mean changing the way I spoke."

I- COMPREHENSION:

BASE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE TEXT

A/ ARE THESE SENTENCES TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY:

1. As a child Sting had no access to TV

…………………………………………………………

2. Sting's father treated his son and his assistants equally.

…………………………………………………………

B/ ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS:

1.Why was Sting trying to be the best?

…………………………………………………………

2.How did Sting’s relationship with his mother change?

…………………………………………………………

3.What elements made it easy for Sting to change his condition?

…………………………………………………………

C/ FIND IN THE TEXT WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT MEAN THE SAME AS:

1.remembers (paragraph 2): ………………………

2.High-class (paragraph 2): ……………………….

3.Put one’s arms round someone (paragraph 4): ……………………….

4.A cup given as a prize (paragraph 5): ……………………….

D/ PICK OUT FROM THE TEXT SENTENCES OR EXPRESSIONS WHICH SHOW THAT:

1.Sting’s attempt to change his condition was not well accepted by his family.

……………………………………………………………..

2.Sting’s father’s behaviour was not different from that of other parents.

……………………………………………………………..

3.Keeping his local accent would have made it difficult for Sting to succeed.

……………………………………………………………..

E/ WHAT DO THE UNDERLINED WORDS IN THE TEXT REFER TO? ( WORDS IN BOLD TYPE AND ITALICS )

1. They (paragraph 2): ……………………….

2. It (paragraph 2): …………………………

3.10 (paragraph 3): …………………………..

II- LANGUAGE:

A/ FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS FROM THE LIST:

during – consequently – because – specially - apart from – as a result – despite - whereas-

1. The injured man died ________________all the doctor’s efforts.

2. All the students passed the final exam ___________Ahmed who was never expected to fail.

3. A number of soldiers were seriously wounded ________a sudden aircraft attack.

renowned – launched – reflected – appointed – financed – stimulated – elected- adjusted

4. The Prime Minister is ________________by the King.

5. The first commercial satellite was ___________in 1965.

6. Not all TV channels are ____________by governments nowadays.

B/ WHAT DO YOU SAY IN THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS?

1.Students: "Do we have to do all the exercises in this chapter?"

You: (Expresses lack of obligation) ……………………….

2.Your friend: "How about spending next weekend with my uncle in the countryside?"

You: (Refuse the invitation and give a reason) …………………

C/ GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE WORDS BETWEEN BRACJETS:

1. I never count on him. He is (rely) _______________

2. Said Naciri amused the audience with his exciting (perform) ___________

3. "We should put an end to rain forest (destroy) __________" an environmentalist

said.

4. To get a job in a multinational company, you must be well-qualified (energy) ___________

5. The government should encourage (skill) ________carpenters to promote traditional arts.

D/ REWRITE THE SENSENCES BEGINNING WITH THE WORDS GIVEN:

1."Our parliament representative is honest and hardworking," people said.

People described their parliament representative …………………..

2.A very sophisticated mobile phone is very expensive.

The ……………………………., the ………………………………

3.I couldn’t get in touch because I didn’t have your phone number.

If ………………………………………….

4.He ran very fast. However, he couldn’t catch the bus.

No mater …………………………………

5.I t was wrong of them to hide the truth.

They shouldn’t…………………………..

III- WRITING

A meeting has been arranged to discuss ways of making your town, or village, more attractive. You know what is wrong with your town or village and you have some ides about how to improve the look of it.

Write an article to be published in your local newspaper about what you intend to do.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Watching television is bad for children. Use specific details and examples to support your answer.

Some parents believe that watching television is bad for their children. So, they try to restrict their children from watching TV. However, other parents think that there is nothing bad in watching TV. Personally, I think that watching TV brings children only benefits unless they spend in front of TV set less then a couple of hours daily. For the following reasons, which I will mention bellow, I believe that television plays an essential role in child's development.

First of all, television helps a child to extent his or her range of interests. Children can find out many new things and make many exiting discoveries for themselves. In addition to these practical benefits television improves children's vocabulary, their memory and gives them the opportunity to gain more knowledge. I
think it is very essential for a child. Of cause, someone can say that there are plenty of different recourses of information such as books and teachers. But, I think, in our modern world children must learn faster and use all contemporary technology in order to succeed. Second of all, watching cognitive programs helps children to learn more about wild life, our environment and about the importance of preserving our forest and wild animals that live there.

Scientists say that a child should not watch TV more then 40 minutes successively. For example, my mother always made us have a break after watching TV more then half an hour and let our eyes rest for several minutes before turning on the TV again. I think it is the best solution.

To sum up, I believe that television gives children and all people the opportunity to learn what can not be learn from books. Television and movies in particular allow people to feel the reality and see what they will most likely not be able to see in their lives. Personally, when I was a child I liked to watch cognitive programs about wild animals. Unfortunately, my family had only one TV, but these programs were the only ones we all wanted to watch. So, we gathered in our living room and watched them in complete silence and I always remember those moments with a smile on my face.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

A gift (such as a camera, a soccer ball, or an animal) can contribute to a child’s development. What gift would you give to help a child develop? Why? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.

People learn and develop throughout their entire lives. I think that in our modern world it is very essential to be familiar with computer technology. So, if I had a chance to give a child a gift it would be a computer.

I think that computers play an essential role in our lives and they bring many benefits to our society. Moreover, children can learn by use of computers. In the following paragraphs I will give my reasons to support my answer.

First of all, by use of computers children can play many games, which help to improve children's ability to think logically, think about their next step, etc. Moreover, playing games develop many important qualities such as attention, patience, persistent, etc. Second , computers help children to learn more about anything by using the Internet. They can find new friends even from other countries. Children will improve their communication skills, gain more knowledge and experience. Also, children have a great opportunity to learn more about other countries, their history, traditions and customs. Finally, computer skills can help a child to find his or her first job. A child can find an ad in the Internet about a job offer or he or she can make a resume and place it in the Internet. Personally, I think it is a great experience and big step forward towards a future career.

In addition to those practical benefits, computer technology helps children to do their homework faster. They can type their data into the computer, easily check the grammar, correct mistakes and then print it out. Moreover, there are plenty different kinds of educational programs that can help children learn how to read, write, draw and even how to behave and speak a foreign language.

To sum up, I believe that children should learn how to use computer because this knowledge will help them in the future to be more self-confident and enterprising. Furthermore, computers can greatly improve and simplify their lives if children know how to use them.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

Some people enjoy change, and they look forward to new experiences. Others like their lives to stay the same, and they do not change their usual habits. Compare these two approaches to life. Which approach do you prefer? Explain why.

Some people like to live in the same house, have the same job and habits all their lives. However, others aspire to changes and new experience. Personally, for the several reasons, which I will explain bellow, I prefer the first approach to life.

First of all, changes in one's life bring many benefits. One tries new things, gains new knowledge and experience. I think it is great because without changes life becomes boring. I always try to make changes in my life. Moreover, when I feel that my life is boring I do not feel well about it. I feel like I spent those days for nothing. I did not do anything exiting, I learnt nothing interesting and I just wasted my time.

Second of all, people need changes. Furthermore, we need obstacles to overcome and reach our goals. I believe that changes make us stronger, more persistent, more self-confident, and more patient. Also, I feel that all people who succeeded in life like changes and new experience because it is impossible to be the best at some field without perfecting the present knowledge and gain new experience. People catch
every opportunity to learn more and change their life for the best.

From the other side, people who like their lives to stay the same are very permanent. They have the same job all their life, the same habits, the same week-ends and even the same years in years out. I think it is boring. What will they tell their children about their lives? What kind of contribution will they make for society? I think such people are just afraid of changes.

I think curiosity and aspiration to the new experience are two of the main reasons of human evolution. People always wanted to break limits and gain more knowledge and experience. So, people who enjoy change are the engine of human development.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.

I am from Casablanca, Morocco. I believe that building a large factory near my community has advantages as well as disadvantages. In the following paragraphs I will list basic benefits and losses that will be brought by a new factory.

For several reasons, I think that a new factory will not be a good addition to my neighborhood. First of all, factories often bring pollution. They are prone to contaminating the local air and water. Second of all, factories make noise. Another important aspect of building a new factory near by is that it will make the
local traffic heavy. As a result of this, the amount of traffic congestions will increase, as well as contamination of the air. So, all these obviously will not make one's life happier and healthier in my community.

From the other side, I believe that a new factory will bring some advantages to my community. First of all, it will bring new job opportunities. Many specialists will be required to work there. Second of all, I think many local community facilities will have to be renovated to obtain reliable supply of water and electricity. So, some old pipes may be changed. Another important benefit of this is that the local roads in order to manage the increasing traffic will be rebuilt and widened.

However, I do not think that listed above benefits are worth all these troubles including water contamination and the constant pollution of air. From my point of view all factories must be built far from the people communities because they can be really harmful for people's health.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?

People are learning and practicing through their entire life. I believe that life experience and practice are the basic reasons of the humankind's evolution. However, in my opinion, knowledge gained from books plays a very important role in the modern life.

The most obviously important advantage of books is that they hold all knowledge gained by previous generations. People write books about their discoveries and inventions, which are gained through practice and experience. This knowledge is accumulated in books that are passed from generation to generation. So, basically, people get all knowledge about the previous achievements from books, analyze
it and than, according to their experience and new data, write new books. In this case, books are the holders of humankind's experience.

For example, at old times people thought that the Earth was flat. It was concluded from observations and studdying. However, the next generations, using the experience of their ancestors, proved that the Earth was round.

Personally, I think that books are very important because they are able to give people the basic and fundamental knowledge. Books store history, the important events and discoveries. Without them it is difficult and sometimes impossible to move forward, make new discoveries and inventions.

To summarize, I think a person should take basic knowledge from books because it will help him to make his own inventions, conclusions and discoveries. Only using both books and one’s experience one can move forward.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

Would you prefer to live in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

If I were asked where I would I prefer to live, in a traditional house or in a modern apartment building, I think, I would hesitate to answer. This question, from my point of view, is a controversial one.

From one side, living in a modern apartment building brings many benefits. First of all, it is cheaper than living in a traditional house and paying different kinds of fees I am not familiar with. For instance, my friend, who recently bought a new house for his family, said me that it is much easier to live in an apartment and I tend to believe him when I see his bills. So, living in an apartment will definitely help me to save some money. Second of all, since I live alone I do not need a big house with many rooms. I just need a bedroom and a living room where I can take my guests and have my work place. Another important benefit of living in an apartment is that I will not have to buy much cumbersome furniture in order to furnish all rooms.

However, living in a modern apartment building can have a few disadvantages too. Firstly, it can be noisy and, secondly, I will not have any privacy outside my apartment, for example, in a pool or gym.

From the other side, living in a traditional house have some advantages too. For example, I can have my own pool, gym and a garden where I can relax and be alone. However, living in a house is usually more expensive and requires more time to maintain a house. For instance, I will most likely have to hire someone to mow my lawn and clean my pool not to mention all household tasks inside the house.

In conclusion, I think at this moment I would prefer to live in an apartment. It can help me save some money and allows me to spend more time studying because I will not have to do many household tasks.

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WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

WRITING TOEFL / BACCALAUREATE ESSAYS

The 21st century has begun. What changes do you think this new century will bring? Use examples and details in your answer.

Man, through the ages, has undergone many changes from the time when he depicted a herd of mammoths on the walls of his cave to these days when he can create beautiful pictures and even make coffee by using computer technologies without leaving his favourite chair. The 20th century made huge steps in developing computer technologies and reached many goals that made our life much easier. What should we expect in the 21st century?

First of all, I think that the pace of our life will speed up: we will move faster from one place to another, from one continent to another using high speed jet airplanes. Second , I believe that we will be able to do many things that take much time now without leaving our house. Computers will be everywhere including out clothes. Many people will have chips and mini computers inserted in their heads to hold huge amount of information and have a quick access to it.

But what will be the most amazing thing in the 21st century is the flight to the outer space and Mars that will be available to all people. Scientists say that Mars has many things similar to Earth. Moreover, they say that with the help of modern technology people can artificially create conditions that will allow people to live there.

To sum up, I am sure that many amazing changes will be brought by the 21st century. Furthermore, I think that with the help of the contemporary technologies, people can do many things that were even difficult to imagine decades ago. So, nowadays it is rather difficult and even impossible to imagine all the changes that will happen in the next decades.

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